Spaced repetition is a learning technique that involves increasing intervals of time between subsequent reviews of previously learned material to exploit the psychological spacing effect. The basic idea is to review the information at the time intervals that increase each time the information is successfully recalled. This technique is highly effective for consolidating knowledge in one’s long-term memory.
Key aspects of spaced repetition include:
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Gradual Interval Increase: The intervals between reviews are initially short but become progressively longer as the learner continues to correctly recall the information.
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Active Recall: Spaced repetition typically involves actively recalling information, rather than passively reviewing it. This could mean answering a quiz question, practicing a skill, or explaining a concept.
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Customized Learning: The intervals can be adjusted based on how well the learner remembers the information. For information that is harder to recall, the intervals might be shortened; for information that is easily recalled, the intervals can be lengthened.
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Efficiency: By focusing on material that is closer to being forgotten, spaced repetition maximizes learning efficiency and helps prevent over-studying material that is already well-learned.
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Software and Flashcards: Spaced repetition is often implemented using digital flashcard applications that automatically adjust the review intervals based on the learner’s performance.
Spaced repetition is widely used for language learning, medical education, and other fields where large amounts of information must be memorized. It’s supported by numerous studies in cognitive science as one of the most effective methods for memorization and learning.